Vitamin B3

Definition

Vitamin B3, also known as niacin, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and cellular function. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the maintenance of healthy nervous system function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vitamin B3 helps convert food into energy by aiding enzymes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism.
2. Deficiency in Vitamin B3 can lead to pellagra, which manifests with symptoms such as dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.
3. Niacin is important for the production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood and cognitive functions.
4. High doses of niacin can cause side effects such as flushing, gastrointestinal issues, and liver toxicity.
5. Sources of Vitamin B3 include meat, fish, poultry, fortified cereals, and legumes.

Review Questions

• What are the primary functions of Vitamin B3 in the body?
• What neurological symptoms can arise from a deficiency in Vitamin B3?
• Name three dietary sources of Vitamin B3.

Related terms

Pellagra: A disease caused by severe deficiency of niacin (Vitamin B3), characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.

Serotonin: A neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan that contributes to feelings of well-being and happiness.

Lipid Metabolism: The process by which fats are synthesized and broken down in cells to produce energy or create new molecules.