Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Definition

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates the function of the thyroid gland. It stimulates the thyroid to produce hormones that control metabolism and energy levels.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. TSH levels can indicate thyroid health, with high levels suggesting hypothyroidism and low levels indicating hyperthyroidism.
2. Proper nutrition, including adequate iodine intake, is crucial for maintaining healthy TSH and thyroid function.
3. TSH secretion is regulated by a feedback loop involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and thyroid gland.
4. Deficiencies in certain nutrients like selenium and zinc can impact TSH production and thyroid health.
5. Pregnancy can affect TSH levels due to increased demand for thyroid hormones to support fetal development.

Review Questions

• What role does TSH play in regulating metabolism?
• How do nutrient deficiencies impact TSH production?
• Why might TSH levels change during pregnancy?

Related terms

Hypothyroidism:

A condition where the thyroid gland produces insufficient thyroid hormones, leading to elevated TSH levels.

Hyperthyroidism:

A condition where the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones, resulting in suppressed TSH levels.

Iodine:

An essential mineral required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones; its deficiency can lead to altered TSH levels.