Thiamine

Definition

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and neural function. It plays a critical role in converting carbohydrates into energy and maintaining proper nerve health.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Thiamine deficiency can lead to neurological disorders such as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and beriberi.
2. It is crucial for the synthesis of neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, which are vital for brain function.
3. Alcoholism is one of the most common causes of thiamine deficiency, significantly impacting the nervous system.
4. Thiamine helps protect neurons from oxidative stress and supports myelin sheath maintenance.
5. Rich dietary sources of thiamine include whole grains, pork, fish, nuts, and seeds.

Review Questions

• What are the neurological consequences of thiamine deficiency?
• How does thiamine contribute to energy metabolism in the nervous system?
• Which population is at higher risk for thiamine deficiency and why?

Related terms

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome: A severe neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency often associated with chronic alcoholism.

Neurotransmitters: Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses between neurons.

Oxidative Stress: An imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body, leading to cell damage.