Sodium balance

Definition

Sodium balance is the regulation of sodium levels in the body, crucial for maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction. It involves the coordinated actions of the kidneys, hormones, and various physiological mechanisms to ensure optimal neurological wellness.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sodium imbalance can lead to neurological issues such as confusion, seizures, and muscle weakness.
2. The kidneys play a vital role in regulating sodium by filtering it from the blood and reabsorbing or excreting it as needed.
3. Hormones like aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are key regulators of sodium balance.
4. High sodium intake is associated with hypertension, which can negatively impact cerebral blood flow.
5. Electrolyte panels are commonly used diagnostic tools to assess sodium levels in clinical settings.

Review Questions

• What roles do the kidneys play in maintaining sodium balance?
• How can high dietary sodium intake affect neurological wellness?
• Which hormones are involved in regulating sodium levels in the body?

Related terms

Electrolytes: Substances that conduct electricity when dissolved in water, crucial for nerve and muscle function.

Hyponatremia: A condition characterized by abnormally low levels of sodium in the blood.

Aldosterone: A hormone that increases reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.