Renin

Definition

Renin is an enzyme secreted by the kidneys that plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. It catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is further converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Renin release is triggered by low blood pressure, low sodium levels, or sympathetic nervous system stimulation.
2. Renin is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.
3. Angiotensin II, produced from renin activity, causes vasoconstriction and increases blood pressure.
4. Proper nutrition can influence renin levels by affecting factors such as electrolyte balance and blood volume.
5. Dysregulation of renin production can contribute to hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.

Review Questions

• What triggers the release of renin from the kidneys?
• How does renin affect blood pressure regulation?
• What role does nutrition play in influencing renin levels?

Related terms

Angiotensinogen: A protein produced by the liver that is converted to angiotensin I by renin.

Aldosterone:

A hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate sodium and potassium balance, as well as blood pressure.

Vasoconstriction: The narrowing of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure.