Prolactin

Definition

Prolactin is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that plays a crucial role in lactation. It also has various regulatory functions within the immune system and metabolism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Prolactin levels are typically higher during pregnancy and breastfeeding to stimulate milk production.
2. Hyperprolactinemia, or elevated prolactin levels, can lead to reproductive and metabolic issues.
3. Nutritional factors such as protein intake and vitamin B6 can influence prolactin levels.
4. Stress can increase prolactin secretion due to its interaction with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
5. Certain medications, including antipsychotics and antidepressants, can elevate prolactin levels.

Review Questions

• What role does prolactin play in lactation?
• How can nutritional factors affect prolactin levels?
• What are some common causes of hyperprolactinemia?

Related terms

Oxytocin: Hormone involved in childbirth and lactation, promoting uterine contractions and milk ejection.

Anterior Pituitary Gland: The front portion of the pituitary gland responsible for releasing various hormones like prolactin, growth hormone, and ACTH.

Hyperprolactinemia: A condition characterized by abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood, often leading to menstrual disturbances and infertility.