Polypeptides

Definition

Polypeptides are chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They are the building blocks of proteins and play crucial roles in biological processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Polypeptides form through dehydration synthesis, where water is removed to bond amino acids together.
2. The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide determines its structure and function.
3. Enzymes, hormones, and antibodies are examples of proteins composed of one or more polypeptides.
4. Polypeptides can be broken down into individual amino acids through hydrolysis during digestion.
5. Essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet as they cannot be synthesized by the human body.

Review Questions

• How do polypeptides form from individual amino acids?
• Why is the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide important?
• What roles do polypeptides play in the human body?

Related terms

Amino Acids:

Organic compounds that combine to form proteins.

Peptide Bonds:

Chemical bonds formed between amino acids in a polypeptide.

Protein Synthesis:

The process by which cells build proteins based on genetic instructions.