Pineal gland

Definition

The pineal gland is a small, pea-shaped endocrine organ located in the brain. It produces melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles and seasonal biological rhythms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The pineal gland plays a crucial role in regulating circadian rhythms through melatonin secretion.
2. Exposure to light significantly affects the activity of the pineal gland and subsequent melatonin production.
3. Nutritional factors, including tryptophan-rich foods, can influence the function of the pineal gland.
4. The pineal gland calcifies with age, which may affect its ability to produce melatonin.
5. Dysfunction of the pineal gland can lead to sleep disorders and impact overall endocrine wellness.

Review Questions

• What hormone does the pineal gland produce and what is its primary function?
• How does exposure to light influence the activity of the pineal gland?
• Which nutritional factors can impact the function of the pineal gland?

Related terms

Melatonin: A hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles.

Circadian Rhythm: The natural, internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and repeats roughly every 24 hours.

Tryptophan: An essential amino acid found in many protein-based foods that serves as a precursor for serotonin and melatonin production.