Phenobarbital

Definition

Phenobarbital is a barbiturate used primarily to manage seizures and as a sedative. It works by depressing the central nervous system to produce a calming effect, which can help control epileptic episodes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Phenobarbital is commonly prescribed for epilepsy and other seizure disorders.
2. It can affect nutritional status by altering the metabolism of vitamins such as vitamin D and folic acid.
3. Long-term use of phenobarbital may lead to bone density loss due to its impact on calcium absorption.
4. Patients taking phenobarbital should avoid alcohol, as it can enhance the drug's sedative effects.
5. Dietary considerations include monitoring and potentially supplementing vitamin D, calcium, and folic acid intake.

Review Questions

• What are the primary uses of phenobarbital?
• How does phenobarbital affect the metabolism of vitamins?
• Why should patients on phenobarbital avoid alcohol?

Related terms

Epilepsy:

A neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.

Vitamin D:

A fat-soluble vitamin important for maintaining bone health, which can be affected by phenobarbital.

Calcium Absorption: The process by which calcium is absorbed from food in the intestines; can be impaired by long-term use of phenobarbital.