Pancreas

Definition

The pancreas is a glandular organ located behind the stomach that plays a crucial role in both digestion and blood sugar regulation. It produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin and glucagon.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions, aiding in digestion and regulating blood glucose levels.
2. Insulin produced by the pancreas lowers blood sugar levels, while glucagon raises them.
3. Pancreatic enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and proteases are essential for breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
4. Chronic pancreatitis can impair the pancreas's ability to produce digestive enzymes and hormones, leading to malnutrition and diabetes.
5. A diet high in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats supports pancreatic health.

Review Questions

• What are the dual roles of the pancreas in the body?
• Why is insulin important for blood glucose regulation?
• How does chronic pancreatitis affect pancreatic function?

Related terms

Insulin:

A hormone produced by the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose.

Glucagon:

A hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown in the liver.

Amylase:

An enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps break down carbohydrates into simpler sugars during digestion.