Multiple sclerosis

Definition

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system, where the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers. This leads to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body, potentially resulting in permanent nerve damage or deterioration.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. MS can lead to severe disability over time due to progressive nerve damage.
2. There is no cure for MS, but treatments can help manage symptoms and slow disease progression.
3. Common symptoms include fatigue, difficulty walking, numbness or tingling, muscle weakness, and vision problems.
4. Nutrition plays a crucial role in managing MS symptoms; diets rich in anti-inflammatory foods may be beneficial.
5. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to an increased risk of developing MS, making adequate intake critical.

Review Questions

• What are common symptoms of multiple sclerosis?
• How does nutrition impact the management of multiple sclerosis?
• Why is vitamin D important for individuals with multiple sclerosis?

Related terms

Autoimmune Disorder: A condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

Myelin Sheath: The protective covering that surrounds nerve fibers in the central nervous system.

Anti-Inflammatory Diet: A diet designed to reduce inflammation in the body, often including foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants.