Microbiota

Definition

Microbiota are the trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, that live in the human digestive tract. They play a crucial role in digestion, immune function, and overall health.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Microbiota help break down complex carbohydrates that the human body cannot digest on its own.
2. They produce essential vitamins such as B vitamins and Vitamin K.
3. A balanced gut microbiota can prevent the growth of harmful pathogens.
4. Antibiotics can disrupt the balance of gut microbiota, leading to digestive issues.
5. Diet has a significant impact on the composition and diversity of gut microbiota.

Review Questions

• What role do microbiota play in the digestion of complex carbohydrates?
• How can antibiotics affect the balance of gut microbiota?
• Why is diet important for maintaining healthy gut microbiota?

Related terms

Probiotics: Live beneficial bacteria that are taken as dietary supplements to improve gut health.

Prebiotics: Non-digestible food components that promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the intestines.

Dysbiosis: An imbalance in the microbial communities in the body, often leading to health problems.