Loop diuretics

Definition

Loop diuretics are a class of medications that promote the excretion of sodium, potassium, and water by inhibiting the reabsorption of these ions in the kidney's loop of Henle. They are commonly used to treat conditions such as edema and hypertension.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Loop diuretics can cause significant electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia (low potassium levels).
2. These medications are often prescribed for patients with congestive heart failure to reduce fluid overload.
3. Common examples of loop diuretics include furosemide (Lasix) and bumetanide.
4. They can lead to dehydration if not carefully monitored and dosed.
5. Patients on loop diuretics may need to follow specific dietary guidelines, including increased intake of potassium-rich foods.

Review Questions

• What is the primary action of loop diuretics in the kidneys?
• Name two potential side effects of taking loop diuretics.
• Why might a patient with congestive heart failure be prescribed a loop diuretic?

Related terms

Thiazide Diuretics: Medications that increase urine production by blocking sodium reabsorption in the early part of the distal tubule in the kidneys

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: A type of diuretic that prevents potassium loss while promoting urine production

Electrolyte Imbalance: A condition where there is an abnormal level of essential minerals in the blood, often caused by medications or diseases