Kidney stones

Definition

Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. They can cause severe pain and urinary issues when passing through the urinary tract.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kidney stones are commonly composed of calcium oxalate, but can also be made of other substances like uric acid or cystine.
2. Dehydration is a significant risk factor for developing kidney stones due to reduced urine volume.
3. Dietary factors such as high sodium intake and low fluid consumption can increase the likelihood of stone formation.
4. Certain neurological conditions affecting mobility may increase the risk of kidney stones due to reduced physical activity and altered dietary habits.
5. Preventing kidney stones involves dietary modifications including increased water intake, reduced salt consumption, and limiting foods high in oxalates like spinach and nuts.

Review Questions

• What are the common compositions of kidney stones?
• How does dehydration contribute to the formation of kidney stones?
• What dietary changes can help prevent the formation of kidney stones?

Related terms

Nephrolithiasis: Another term for kidney stones, referring specifically to stone formation in the kidneys.

Hydration: The process of providing adequate fluids to maintain bodily functions, crucial in preventing kidney stone formation.

Oxalates: Naturally occurring compounds in certain foods that can combine with calcium to form kidney stones.