Gut microbiome

Definition

The gut microbiome is the complex community of microorganisms living in the digestive tracts of humans. It plays a crucial role in digestion, immune function, and overall health, including neurological wellness.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The gut microbiome communicates with the brain through the gut-brain axis, influencing mood and cognitive functions.
2. Imbalances in the gut microbiome have been linked to neurological conditions such as depression, anxiety, and even neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
3. Dietary choices can significantly alter the composition of the gut microbiome; high-fiber diets promote beneficial bacteria while high-fat diets may increase harmful bacteria.
4. Probiotics and prebiotics can support a healthy gut microbiome, which may contribute positively to neurological health.
5. Certain medications, including antibiotics, can disrupt the gut microbiome and potentially impact neurological functions.

Review Questions

• How does the gut microbiome communicate with the brain?
• What are some neurological conditions associated with imbalances in the gut microbiome?
• What dietary choices can influence the composition of the gut microbiome?

Related terms

Gut-Brain Axis: A bidirectional communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain.

Probiotics: Live beneficial bacteria that can be consumed through fermented foods or supplements to support a healthy gut microbiome.

Prebiotics: Non-digestible food components that promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the intestines.