Growth hormone

Definition

Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans. It plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue and organ health throughout life.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. GH is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.
2. It influences height, bone density, and muscle mass.
3. GH levels peak during childhood and adolescence and decline with age.
4. Insufficient GH can lead to growth disorders such as dwarfism.
5. Excessive GH production can cause acromegaly or gigantism.

Review Questions

• What gland produces growth hormone?
• How does growth hormone affect bone density?
• What are two conditions associated with abnormal GH levels?

Related terms

Pituitary Gland:

A small gland at the base of the brain responsible for producing growth hormone and other hormones.

Acromegaly:

A disorder caused by excessive growth hormone in adults leading to enlarged bones in the hands, feet, and face.

Dwarfism:

A condition characterized by short stature due to insufficient production of growth hormone or resistance to its effects.