Glucose

Definition

Glucose is a simple sugar and an essential carbohydrate that serves as the primary source of energy for the body's cells. It is crucial in metabolic processes and is regulated by insulin to maintain blood sugar levels.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Glucose is absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream during digestion.
2. It is vital for brain function, as the brain relies heavily on glucose for energy.
3. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, helps cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream.
4. Hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) and hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) can both adversely affect neurological health.
5. Dietary carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which provides immediate energy or is stored as glycogen in muscles and the liver.

Review Questions

• What role does insulin play in the regulation of glucose?
• How does glucose impact neurological wellness?
• What happens to dietary carbohydrates during digestion?

Related terms

Carbohydrates:

Organic compounds that are broken down into glucose to provide energy for bodily functions.

Insulin:

A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating cellular absorption of glucose.

Glycogen:

A stored form of glucose found in muscles and the liver, used for energy between meals.