Gene mutation

Definition

A gene mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. These changes can affect how the gene functions and can have various health implications, including neurological conditions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Certain nutritional deficiencies, such as a lack of folate or vitamin B12, can increase the risk of gene mutations.
2. Gene mutations are associated with several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
3. Antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables may help reduce oxidative stress, which can cause gene mutations in neural tissues.
4. Prenatal nutrition is crucial as gene mutations during fetal development can lead to congenital neurological conditions.
5. Gene mutations may alter metabolic pathways in the brain, affecting neurotransmitter production and overall mental health.

Review Questions

• How can nutritional deficiencies contribute to the risk of gene mutations?
• What role do antioxidants play in preventing gene mutations related to neurological health?
• Why is prenatal nutrition important for preventing gene mutations that affect neurological development?

Related terms

Epigenetics: The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself.

Neurodegenerative Diseases: A group of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells, often linked to genetic and environmental factors.

Nutrigenomics: The study of how nutrition interacts with genes to influence health outcomes, including susceptibility to diseases.