Fatty acids

Definition

Fatty acids are essential components of lipids, which are fundamental to cellular structure and energy storage. These organic molecules consist of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fatty acids can be classified into saturated and unsaturated types based on the presence of double bonds.
2. They play a crucial role in forming cell membranes as phospholipids.
3. Essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 and omega-6, cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through diet.
4. During digestion, fatty acids are released from triglycerides by the action of pancreatic lipase.
5. Excessive intake of saturated fatty acids is linked to cardiovascular diseases.

Review Questions

• What are the main types of fatty acids?
• Why are essential fatty acids important?
• How are fatty acids released during digestion?

Related terms

Triglycerides:

Molecules composed of one glycerol molecule bonded to three fatty acid chains.

Phospholipids:

A class of lipids that form the structural basis of cell membranes, consisting of two fatty acid tails and a phosphate group.

Pancreatic Lipase: An enzyme produced by the pancreas that breaks down triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides during digestion.