Endocrine glands

Definition

Endocrine glands are specialized organs that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various body functions. These glands play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas.
2. Proper nutrition is vital for the optimal functioning of endocrine glands; deficiencies or excesses in certain nutrients can disrupt hormonal balance.
3. Iodine is essential for thyroid function as it helps in the production of thyroid hormones.
4. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, is critical for regulating blood glucose levels and energy metabolism.
5. The adrenal glands produce cortisol which helps the body respond to stress and maintain metabolism.

Review Questions

• Which nutrient is essential for thyroid hormone production?
• What role does insulin play in the body's metabolism?
• Name three endocrine glands and one hormone each produces.

Related terms

Hormones:

Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that regulate various physiological processes.

Homeostasis:

The state of steady internal conditions maintained by living organisms.

Metabolism:

The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions that process nutrients into energy and building materials for cells.