Emphysema

Definition

Emphysema is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by damage to the alveoli, leading to impaired respiratory function. It is commonly associated with long-term smoking and results in shortness of breath and decreased oxygen exchange.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Emphysema leads to the destruction of alveolar walls, reducing surface area for gas exchange.
2. Nutrition plays a crucial role in managing emphysema, with emphasis on maintaining a healthy weight and muscle mass.
3. Patients with emphysema often have increased energy expenditure due to labored breathing.
4. A diet high in antioxidants may help reduce oxidative stress associated with emphysema.
5. Malnutrition is common among emphysema patients, which can exacerbate symptoms and decrease quality of life.

Review Questions

• What impact does emphysema have on the alveoli and gas exchange?
• Why is maintaining a healthy weight important for patients with emphysema?
• How can antioxidants benefit individuals suffering from emphysema?

Related terms

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):

A group of progressive lung diseases including emphysema and chronic bronchitis that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems.

Alveoli:

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

Oxidative Stress:

An imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body, which can lead to cell damage.