Electrolyte disturbances

Definition

Electrolyte disturbances are imbalances in the levels of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium within the body. These imbalances can significantly affect bodily functions, including nerve signaling and muscle contractions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Electrolyte disturbances can result from conditions like dehydration, kidney disease, and chronic diarrhea.
2. Common symptoms include muscle cramps, weakness, irregular heartbeat, and confusion.
3. Nurses play a critical role in monitoring electrolyte levels through blood tests and patient assessments.
4. Treatment often involves dietary adjustments, oral supplements, or intravenous fluids to restore balance.
5. Electrolyte imbalances can complicate other health issues and must be managed promptly to prevent severe complications.

Review Questions

• What are some common causes of electrolyte disturbances?
• List three symptoms associated with electrolyte imbalances.
• How can nurses monitor and treat electrolyte disturbances in patients?

Related terms

Dehydration: A condition resulting from excessive loss of body water that can lead to electrolyte imbalances.

Hyperkalemia: An elevated level of potassium in the blood that can cause cardiac issues.

Hyponatremia: A low sodium level in the blood that can result in neurological symptoms like confusion and seizures.