Dementia

Definition

Dementia is a chronic or progressive syndrome characterized by the deterioration of cognitive function, beyond what might be expected from normal aging. It affects memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgment.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dietary patterns rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients can help reduce the risk of dementia.
2. Vitamin deficiencies, particularly B vitamins like B12 and folate, have been linked to cognitive decline and dementia.
3. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with a lower incidence of dementia due to its high content of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and olive oil.
4. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil are believed to play a role in maintaining neurological health and reducing the risk of dementia.
5. Chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity can contribute to the development of dementia through vascular damage.

Review Questions

• What types of dietary patterns are associated with a reduced risk of developing dementia?
• How do vitamin deficiencies impact the likelihood of cognitive decline?
• What role do omega-3 fatty acids play in neurological health?

Related terms

Cognitive Decline: The gradual loss of brain functions such as memory and thinking skills.

Mediterranean Diet: A dietary pattern based on traditional foods consumed in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea.

Antioxidants: Compounds that inhibit oxidation and combat free radicals which can damage brain cells.