Cretinism

Definition

Cretinism is a condition arising from severe hypothyroidism during infancy or early childhood, leading to stunted physical and mental development. It is often due to iodine deficiency in the diet of the mother during pregnancy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cretinism results from inadequate thyroid hormone production.
2. Iodine deficiency is a primary cause of cretinism.
3. Symptoms include delayed growth, intellectual disability, and characteristic facial features.
4. Early diagnosis and treatment with thyroid hormone can mitigate some effects.
5. Preventing maternal iodine deficiency through proper nutrition can prevent cretinism.

Review Questions

• What is the primary cause of cretinism?
• What are common symptoms of cretinism?
• How can cretinism be prevented?

Related terms

Hypothyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones, causing metabolic slowdown.

Iodine Deficiency: Insufficient iodine levels in the diet, which can lead to thyroid dysfunction and developmental issues.

Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy: Treatment involving synthetic thyroid hormones to compensate for hormonal deficiencies.