Coronary artery disease

Definition

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries due to plaque buildup. It can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in chest pain, heart attacks, and other cardiovascular issues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Diet high in saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol increases the risk of CAD.
2. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish can help reduce inflammation and lower the risk of CAD.
3. High intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with a lower risk of developing CAD.
4. Excessive sodium intake can contribute to hypertension, which is a major risk factor for CAD.
5. Regular physical activity combined with a balanced diet can significantly lower the chances of developing CAD.

Review Questions

• What type of diet increases the risk of coronary artery disease?
• How do omega-3 fatty acids impact coronary artery disease?
• Why is excessive sodium intake a concern for individuals at risk for coronary artery disease?

Related terms

Atherosclerosis: A condition where plaque builds up inside arteries, leading to reduced blood flow.

Hypertension: A chronic medical condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.

Myocardial Infarction: Commonly known as a heart attack; it occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked.