Coenzyme

Definition

A coenzyme is a non-protein compound that binds with an enzyme to catalyze biochemical reactions. They are often derived from vitamins and essential for various metabolic processes in the body.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Coenzymes are typically derived from water-soluble vitamins such as B-complex vitamins.
2. They play a crucial role in energy production by aiding enzymes in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
3. Common examples include NAD+ (derived from niacin) and FAD (derived from riboflavin).
4. Coenzymes act as carriers of electrons, atoms, or functional groups during enzymatic reactions.
5. Deficiency in certain vitamins can lead to impaired coenzyme function and associated metabolic disorders.

Review Questions

• What role do coenzymes play in enzymatic reactions?
• Name two common coenzymes and their corresponding vitamin sources.
• How can vitamin deficiencies affect coenzyme function?

Related terms

Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

NAD+: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme derived from niacin essential for redox reactions.

FAD:

Flavin adenine dinucleotide, a redox-active coenzyme associated with various metabolic processes.