Clostridium difficile

Definition

Clostridium difficile is a bacterium that causes inflammation of the colon, known as colitis. It often occurs after the use of antibiotic medications that disrupt normal gut flora.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) are a common cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea.
2. Symptoms include severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever.
3. CDIs can be particularly dangerous for elderly patients and those with weakened immune systems.
4. Treatment typically involves stopping the antibiotic causing the infection and starting specific antibiotics like vancomycin or fidaxomicin.
5. Probiotics may help in preventing recurrence by restoring healthy gut bacteria.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms of a Clostridium difficile infection?
• Why are elderly patients at higher risk for severe complications from CDIs?
• What role do probiotics play in managing Clostridium difficile infections?

Related terms

Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea: Diarrhea that occurs in response to antibiotic treatment, which can lead to conditions like CDI.

Probiotics: Live beneficial bacteria taken to restore normal gut flora and improve digestive health.

Vancomycin: An antibiotic commonly used to treat severe Clostridium difficile infections.