Chronic kidney disease

Definition

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time. It can lead to end-stage renal disease if not managed properly, significantly impacting overall health and nutrition status.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CKD often requires dietary modifications such as reduced protein, sodium, and potassium intake to manage symptoms and slow progression.
2. Proper nutrition can help control CKD-related complications like hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and electrolyte imbalances.
3. Patients with CKD may experience reduced appetite and malnutrition due to the buildup of waste products in the blood.
4. Vitamin D metabolism is impaired in CKD patients, often necessitating supplements to maintain bone health.
5. Fluid intake may need to be restricted in advanced stages of CKD to prevent fluid overload and edema.

Review Questions

• What dietary changes are commonly recommended for patients with chronic kidney disease?
• How does proper nutrition impact the management of chronic kidney disease?
• Why might patients with chronic kidney disease require vitamin D supplementation?

Related terms

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): A measure of how well the kidneys are filtering blood, used to assess the severity of chronic kidney disease.

End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD): The final stage of chronic kidney disease where kidneys can no longer support the body's needs.

Nephrotoxicity:

Kidney damage caused by exposure to harmful substances, which can exacerbate chronic kidney disease.