Bowel sounds

Definition

Bowel sounds are noises made by the movement of the intestines as they push food through. They can be heard using a stethoscope during a physical examination.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Bowel sounds are classified as normal, hypoactive, or hyperactive based on their frequency and intensity.
2. Normal bowel sounds occur every 5 to 15 seconds and sound like gurgling or bubbling.
3. Hypoactive bowel sounds may indicate reduced intestinal activity, which can be due to factors like anesthesia, medications, or abdominal surgery.
4. Hyperactive bowel sounds might suggest increased intestinal activity and can be associated with conditions like diarrhea or gastroenteritis.
5. Absence of bowel sounds for more than five minutes could indicate a serious condition such as ileus or bowel obstruction.

Review Questions

• What do normal bowel sounds typically sound like and how frequently do they occur?
• What might hypoactive bowel sounds indicate in a patient?
• Why is it concerning if no bowel sounds are heard for more than five minutes?

Related terms

Peristalsis:

The involuntary contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

Ileus:

A temporary cessation of normal intestinal contractions, often causing an absence of bowel sounds.

Gastroenteritis:

An inflammation of the stomach and intestines that can cause hyperactive bowel sounds.