Amino acids

Definition

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins, crucial for various bodily functions. They play a vital role in processes such as neurotransmission, muscle repair, and immune response.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. There are 20 different amino acids that combine to form proteins, with 9 being essential and must be obtained through diet.
2. Amino acids are critical in the synthesis of neurotransmitters which impact brain function and neurological health.
3. Protein malnutrition can lead to impaired pulmonary function and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections.
4. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) like leucine, isoleucine, and valine are particularly important for muscle metabolism and recovery.
5. Amino acid deficiency can result in symptoms ranging from fatigue and muscle weakness to more severe neurological impairments.

Review Questions

• What roles do amino acids play in neurological health?
• How many essential amino acids must be obtained through diet?
• Why are branched-chain amino acids important for muscle metabolism?

Related terms

Proteins:

Complex molecules made up of one or more chains of amino acids that perform a variety of functions within the body

Neurotransmitters:

Chemicals produced by neurons that transmit signals across synapses to other neurons or muscles

Pulmonary Function: The ability of the lungs to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide effectively