Gargoyles

Definition

Gargoyles are carved stone figures often found on Gothic cathedrals, designed to direct rainwater away from the building while also serving as decorative and symbolic elements. These fantastical creatures, depicting various forms such as animals and mythical beings, play a significant role in the architecture of the period, embodying both functional and artistic purposes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gargoyles were designed to prevent water from running down the sides of buildings, which could cause erosion and damage to the masonry.
2. They are often associated with Gothic architecture, prominently used in structures like Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris.
3. Many gargoyles are designed to depict grotesque faces and creatures, which served as a form of protection against evil spirits.
4. The word 'gargoyle' comes from the French word 'gargouille', which means 'throat' or 'gullet', reflecting their function of spouting water.
5. Some architects included gargoyles as a way to incorporate storytelling into their designs, often depicting scenes from the Bible or morality tales.

Review Questions

• How do gargoyles reflect the dual purpose of functionality and artistry in Gothic architecture?
  • Gargoyles serve both practical and decorative functions in Gothic architecture. Functionally, they direct rainwater away from the building to prevent erosion and water damage. Artistically, they showcase intricate designs that embody religious themes or moral lessons, demonstrating the creativity and craftsmanship of the period while also enhancing the overall aesthetic of the cathedral.
• Discuss how gargoyles contribute to the symbolic elements found in Gothic cathedrals.
  • Gargoyles contribute significantly to the symbolic aspects of Gothic cathedrals by acting as protectors against evil spirits and showcasing themes related to good versus evil. Their grotesque appearances often symbolize the fight against sin, while their placement on cathedrals reflects their role in watching over the sacred spaces. This blend of functionality and symbolism helps convey deeper spiritual messages within the architectural context.
• Evaluate the role of gargoyles in shaping public perception of Gothic architecture during its time and how it continues to influence modern interpretations.
  • Gargoyles played a crucial role in shaping public perception of Gothic architecture by emphasizing its dramatic and otherworldly nature. Their fantastical designs captivated both worshippers and visitors, highlighting the blend of spirituality and artistry inherent in these structures. Today, modern interpretations often draw upon the historical significance of gargoyles, inspiring contemporary artists and architects who seek to evoke similar emotions through innovative designs that marry function with striking visual elements.

Related terms

grotesques: Decorative sculptures that resemble gargoyles but do not serve a functional purpose, often depicting exaggerated or fantastical figures.

flying buttress: An architectural feature that supports the structure of a building by transferring the weight of the roof to external supports, allowing for higher walls and larger windows.

cathedral: A principal church of a diocese, often featuring elaborate architecture, stained glass windows, and significant religious artworks typical of Gothic design.