Fan vaulting

Definition

Fan vaulting is a form of vaulted ceiling characterized by a series of concave sections that resemble the shape of a fan. This architectural feature became prominent in the later stages of Gothic architecture, particularly in England, and is noted for its decorative elegance and structural innovation. Fan vaulting often showcases intricate rib patterns and allows for a more open and spacious interior environment.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fan vaulting was developed in the late Gothic period, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries, and is most notably seen in buildings like King's College Chapel in Cambridge.
2. Unlike traditional vaulted ceilings that use a barrel or groin structure, fan vaults radiate from a central point, creating a star-like pattern.
3. The use of fan vaulting allowed for lighter structures, as the design distributes weight more evenly across the ceiling.
4. Fan vaulting often incorporates ornamental elements such as bosses—decorative pieces placed at the intersection of ribs—that enhance visual appeal.
5. This style not only served aesthetic purposes but also reflected advancements in engineering, allowing for greater heights and expansive interior spaces.

Review Questions

• How does fan vaulting differ from other types of vaults in Gothic architecture?
  • Fan vaulting differs from other types of vaults like barrel or groin vaults primarily in its shape and structural approach. While barrel vaults consist of continuous arches forming a tunnel-like structure, fan vaults are composed of concave sections that radiate from a central point. This design not only offers aesthetic advantages but also provides a more effective distribution of weight, allowing for taller ceilings and greater interior space.
• Discuss the significance of fan vaulting in the context of architectural advancements during the Gothic period.
  • Fan vaulting marked a significant advancement in Gothic architecture as it showcased innovative engineering techniques that allowed for more intricate and lighter designs. This development demonstrated an understanding of how to distribute weight more effectively, leading to taller and more spacious interiors. As a result, buildings could achieve greater heights while maintaining structural integrity, which was a hallmark of Gothic architectural ambition.
• Evaluate how fan vaulting reflects the cultural and artistic values of its time, particularly in relation to religious architecture.
  • Fan vaulting reflects the cultural and artistic values of the late Gothic period by emphasizing beauty, light, and an ethereal quality within religious architecture. The intricate designs and openness of fan-vaulted ceilings symbolized a connection to the divine, inviting worshippers to experience a sense of transcendence. Moreover, this architectural feature underscored the importance placed on craftsmanship and artistic expression during this era, enhancing the spiritual atmosphere of cathedrals and chapels.

Related terms

Ribbed vault: A type of vault in which the surface is divided into panels by the use of ribs that are both structural and decorative.

Gothic architecture: An architectural style that emerged in the 12th century, characterized by features such as pointed arches, flying buttresses, and expansive stained glass windows.

Tracery: Decorative stonework elements found in Gothic windows, consisting of intricate designs that allow for the placement of stained glass.