Hourglass structure

Definition

The hourglass structure is a narrative format commonly used in journalism that begins with broad information, narrows down to specific details, and then expands again to broader implications or conclusions. This structure is effective because it captures the reader’s attention with a strong lead, provides essential details and context in the middle, and concludes with broader insights or reflections on the story.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The hourglass structure is particularly effective for breaking news stories, as it allows for quick access to crucial information followed by additional context.
2. This format encourages journalists to first provide a compelling hook that engages readers before diving into specifics.
3. The narrowing section often includes quotes from sources, statistics, or pivotal events that are critical for understanding the story.
4. In the concluding section, writers may reflect on the broader implications of the story or its relevance to current events.
5. The hourglass structure supports clarity and readability, making it easier for audiences to follow complex stories without getting lost in details.

Review Questions

• How does the hourglass structure differ from the inverted pyramid style in journalistic writing?
  • The hourglass structure starts with broad information, narrows down to specific details, and then expands again to broader insights, making it ideal for narratives that require context before concluding with larger implications. In contrast, the inverted pyramid style prioritizes delivering essential information first before supporting details. This means that while the inverted pyramid focuses on brevity and directness, the hourglass structure emphasizes storytelling and context.
• Discuss how the use of quotes and statistics enhances the effectiveness of the hourglass structure.
  • Quotes and statistics play a crucial role in the narrowing part of the hourglass structure by providing concrete evidence and humanizing elements to the story. They add credibility and depth, allowing readers to connect emotionally with the content. By incorporating these elements strategically, journalists can ensure that they maintain reader engagement while also delivering important information that enriches understanding and highlights key aspects of the narrative.
• Evaluate the impact of using an hourglass structure on reader comprehension and engagement in news stories.
  • Using an hourglass structure can significantly enhance reader comprehension and engagement by guiding them through a logical flow of information. Starting with a captivating lead hooks readers' interest, while the narrowed focus provides necessary details that clarify complex issues. Finally, broadening out again helps readers see the larger context or implications of the story. This structured approach makes it easier for audiences to grasp intricate narratives without feeling overwhelmed by excessive details right at the start.

Related terms

Inverted pyramid: A style of writing where the most critical information is presented at the top, followed by supporting details, commonly used in news articles.

Narrative arc: The chronological construction of plot in a story, which includes exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.

Lead: The opening sentence or paragraph of a news article that summarizes the main points and grabs the reader's attention.