The rule of reason is a legal doctrine used in antitrust law to evaluate the pro-competitive and anti-competitive effects of business practices, determining whether certain actions should be deemed lawful or unlawful based on their overall impact on competition. This approach contrasts with a per se rule, which automatically deems certain actions illegal regardless of context. By assessing factors like market power and consumer harm, the rule of reason provides a more nuanced understanding of how business conduct affects market dynamics.
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