Native American Languages Act of 1990

Definition

The Native American Languages Act of 1990 is a federal law aimed at preserving and promoting the languages of Native American tribes in the United States. This act acknowledges the historical neglect and decline of indigenous languages, recognizing them as vital to cultural identity and community well-being. It provides federal support for language revitalization programs and emphasizes the importance of teaching Native languages in schools and communities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Native American Languages Act was introduced to counteract the effects of historical policies that suppressed indigenous languages, such as boarding schools that enforced English-only instruction.
2. It established a framework for federal support for tribal language programs, encouraging collaboration between tribes and government agencies.
3. The act promotes the inclusion of Native American languages in educational curricula at all levels, ensuring that students have opportunities to learn their ancestral languages.
4. Funding through grants and resources has been made available to tribes to help them develop language immersion programs and training for teachers.
5. The act emphasizes that Native languages are essential for cultural survival and that their preservation contributes to the overall diversity of human languages.

Review Questions

• How does the Native American Languages Act of 1990 reflect an understanding of the relationship between language and cultural identity?
  • The Native American Languages Act recognizes that language is deeply tied to cultural identity, providing a means for communities to express their traditions, values, and worldview. By supporting the preservation and revitalization of Native languages, the act acknowledges that losing a language can lead to diminished cultural heritage. Thus, revitalizing these languages is crucial for maintaining cultural integrity and ensuring future generations can connect with their heritage.
• Evaluate the impact of the Native American Languages Act on educational practices within Native American communities.
  • The Native American Languages Act has significantly influenced educational practices by promoting the inclusion of indigenous languages in school curricula. This shift allows students to learn their native languages alongside standard subjects, fostering a sense of pride and connection to their cultural heritage. Additionally, it encourages the development of bilingual education programs that empower tribal members to become fluent speakers and educators, thereby ensuring that these languages are passed down effectively.
• Assess the broader implications of the Native American Languages Act in terms of tribal sovereignty and community empowerment.
  • The Native American Languages Act serves as a crucial tool for enhancing tribal sovereignty by allowing tribes to take control over language preservation efforts within their communities. This empowerment enables tribes to assert their cultural identity and make decisions about how they teach their languages. The act's emphasis on collaboration with federal agencies also highlights a commitment to respecting tribal self-determination, which can lead to greater agency in all aspects of community development beyond just language.

Related terms

Language Revitalization: The process of reversing the decline of a language by encouraging its use, teaching it to new generations, and integrating it into daily life.

Indigenous Linguistics: The study of the languages spoken by indigenous peoples, focusing on their structure, history, and the cultural context in which they are used.

Tribal Sovereignty: The inherent authority of indigenous tribes to govern themselves and make decisions regarding their own affairs, including the preservation of their languages and cultures.