Jean Valjean

Definition

Jean Valjean is the central character in Victor Hugo's novel 'Les Misérables,' representing themes of redemption, justice, and the struggle against societal oppression. His journey from a hardened ex-convict to a compassionate benefactor showcases the transformative power of love and mercy, which are pivotal elements in the narrative's exploration of morality and humanity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Valjean is first introduced as a hardened convict who steals bread to survive but evolves into a man dedicated to helping others throughout his life.
2. His struggle with his past and his desire for redemption drive much of the narrative, showcasing his moral dilemmas and personal growth.
3. Valjean's use of multiple identities reflects his attempts to escape his past while also illustrating the themes of reinvention and societal judgment.
4. The character embodies Hugo's critique of the French justice system, which he argues is often cruel and unforgiving.
5. Valjean's relationship with Cosette highlights the redemptive power of love, showcasing how caring for others can lead to personal salvation.

Review Questions

• How does Jean Valjean’s character development illustrate the theme of redemption in 'Les Misérables'?
  • Jean Valjean’s transformation from a bitter ex-convict to a loving father figure encapsulates the theme of redemption. Initially consumed by anger and despair due to his past, Valjean’s encounter with Bishop Myriel inspires him to change his ways. This shift highlights that despite one's history, it is possible to seek forgiveness and strive for a better life through acts of kindness and compassion.
• In what ways does Valjean's relationship with Javert serve to explore the concepts of law versus morality?
  • The relationship between Valjean and Javert serves as a central conflict in 'Les Misérables' that explores law versus morality. Javert represents strict adherence to the law, believing that Valjean’s past defines him forever. In contrast, Valjean embodies moral flexibility, showing that an individual can change for the better. Their opposing views ultimately lead to significant moral questions about justice, mercy, and human dignity within society.
• Evaluate how Jean Valjean’s interactions with other characters contribute to the overall message of 'Les Misérables' regarding social injustice.
  • Jean Valjean’s interactions with characters like Fantine and Cosette amplify 'Les Misérables’ message on social injustice. His commitment to caring for Fantine's daughter after her death emphasizes the impact of societal neglect on vulnerable individuals. Additionally, by taking responsibility for Cosette’s well-being, Valjean demonstrates how one person's actions can challenge systemic injustices. Through these relationships, Hugo illustrates that personal connection and empathy are crucial in combating broader social issues.

Related terms

Javert: Javert is a police inspector who relentlessly pursues Valjean, embodying the law and its rigid enforcement. His character serves as a foil to Valjean, highlighting the conflict between justice and mercy.

Cosette: Cosette is the orphaned daughter of Fantine, whom Valjean adopts and raises as his own. She symbolizes innocence and hope, representing the future that Valjean strives to protect.

Fantine: Fantine is a tragic character whose struggles as a single mother lead her to desperation. Her plight catalyzes Valjean's transformation and sets the stage for the novel’s exploration of social injustices.