Passing Chords

Definition

Passing chords are chords that connect two main chords in a progression, typically used to create smoother transitions and add harmonic interest. These chords often function as a bridge between the primary chords, enriching the overall sound of the music and enhancing the movement between harmonic areas. They can be diatonic or chromatic, and their placement adds tension and resolution within a chord progression.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Passing chords can be used to connect major and minor chords seamlessly, creating a smoother harmonic flow in progressions.
2. They can often appear on weak beats of a measure, providing a subtle transition between stronger chords.
3. Common examples of passing chords include secondary dominants and diminished chords that lead into more stable harmonies.
4. In jazz and popular music, passing chords are frequently used to add sophistication and color to otherwise simple chord progressions.
5. When used effectively, passing chords can enhance emotional expression by introducing unexpected harmonies that resolve back to familiar tonalities.

Review Questions

• How do passing chords enhance the movement between primary chords in a progression?
  • Passing chords enhance movement by serving as transitional elements that connect two main chords, making the progression feel smoother and more cohesive. They introduce additional harmonic colors that bridge the gap between stronger beats or important chord changes. This technique creates a sense of forward motion and can also add emotional depth by introducing unexpected tensions that resolve into the main chords.
• Discuss how diatonic and chromatic passing chords differ in their application within common chord progressions.
  • Diatonic passing chords are derived from the scale of the key being used, meaning they stay within the established harmonic framework of the piece. In contrast, chromatic passing chords incorporate notes outside of this framework, adding more complexity and richness to the harmonic texture. Diatonic passing chords provide smooth transitions while maintaining tonal stability, whereas chromatic passing chords introduce tension and surprise, leading to dynamic shifts in musical expression.
• Evaluate the role of passing chords in various musical genres and how they contribute to overall composition techniques.
  • Passing chords play a vital role across different genres like jazz, classical, and pop by adding depth and interest to compositions. In jazz, they provide sophisticated harmonic transitions that elevate simple chord progressions into intricate musical narratives. Classical compositions utilize passing chords to create smooth modulations and emotional contrasts. In pop music, these chords can transform standard progressions into engaging arrangements, making them memorable and appealing while allowing composers to experiment with tension and resolution throughout their pieces.

Related terms

Diatonic Chords: Chords that are built from the notes of a specific scale, adhering to the key signature without altering any notes.

Chromatic Harmony: Harmony that includes notes outside the standard diatonic scale, often creating a richer and more complex sound.

Chord Function: The role that a chord plays within a progression, such as tonic, dominant, or subdominant, which helps determine its movement and resolution.