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Melodic minor scale

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Music Theory and Composition

Definition

The melodic minor scale is a seven-note scale that differs from the natural minor scale by having the sixth and seventh degrees raised when ascending, while the descending form typically reverts to the natural minor. This scale allows for a greater sense of melodic movement and expression, making it essential in various musical styles, especially in classical and jazz music, where it can lead to unique harmonic structures.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. When ascending, the melodic minor scale has the formula: whole, half, whole, whole, whole, whole, half, while descending it often follows the natural minor formula.
  2. The raised sixth and seventh degrees of the melodic minor scale help to create a leading tone and smooth melodic lines.
  3. In classical music, composers often use the melodic minor scale to create tension that resolves back to the tonic chord.
  4. In jazz music, musicians may apply the melodic minor scale over dominant chords to add complexity and richness to improvisations.
  5. The melodic minor scale can generate unique triads such as major and augmented chords that are not found in the natural minor scale.

Review Questions

  • How does the ascending form of the melodic minor scale differ from its descending form?
    • The ascending melodic minor scale raises both the sixth and seventh degrees compared to the natural minor scale. When descending, however, it typically reverts back to the natural minor scale. This duality allows for fluid melodic movement in compositions and performances while providing distinct emotional characteristics depending on the direction of the melody.
  • Discuss how triad construction can be influenced by the melodic minor scale and provide an example.
    • The melodic minor scale offers unique opportunities for triad construction due to its raised sixth and seventh degrees. For instance, in C melodic minor (C, D, Eb, F, G, A, B), one could build an A major triad (A, C#, E) because the raised sixth gives access to a major third above the root. This flexibility leads to rich harmonic progressions that differ significantly from those based on natural minor scales.
  • Evaluate the impact of the melodic minor scale on improvisation within jazz music compared to traditional classical music practices.
    • In jazz music, the melodic minor scale is often employed over dominant chords to add color and complexity during improvisation. Unlike traditional classical approaches that may focus more on resolving tension created by harmonic movement, jazz musicians use this scale to explore dissonance and chromaticism freely. The unique intervals within this scale create opportunities for innovative solo lines that push boundaries beyond typical diatonic harmony found in classical music.

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