Information Processing Model

Definition

The information processing model is a framework that describes how individuals perceive, process, and respond to information from the environment. It emphasizes the mental processes involved in motor skill acquisition, focusing on how information is received, transformed, stored, and retrieved to produce coordinated movements. This model illustrates the interplay between cognitive functions and motor performance, showing how sequencing and programming of movements are essential for effective motor control.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The information processing model is often illustrated using a flowchart that depicts stages such as input, processing, output, and feedback.
2. In the context of motor learning, this model helps explain how individuals learn to execute complex skills by breaking down tasks into manageable components.
3. Attention plays a critical role in the information processing model; it determines which stimuli are selected for further processing during motor tasks.
4. Practice enhances the efficiency of the information processing system, allowing for quicker decision-making and smoother execution of movements.
5. The model highlights that errors can occur at any stage of processing, making feedback crucial for refining motor skills and improving performance.

Review Questions

• How does the information processing model contribute to our understanding of motor programming and sequencing in skill acquisition?
  • The information processing model illustrates how motor programming and sequencing are essential components in skill acquisition by outlining the stages involved in transforming sensory input into coordinated movements. It shows that an effective motor program is developed through practice, where individuals learn to sequence movements accurately based on feedback. This understanding helps in designing training regimens that optimize learning by focusing on specific aspects of movement timing and execution.
• What role does feedback play in the information processing model and how can it influence motor learning outcomes?
  • Feedback is a critical element within the information processing model as it provides essential information about performance outcomes, allowing individuals to adjust their movements accordingly. By integrating feedback into practice, learners can correct errors and reinforce successful actions. The timing and type of feedback can significantly influence motivation and learning rates, making it vital for effective coaching strategies.
• Evaluate how cognitive load affects the efficiency of the information processing model during complex motor tasks.
  • Cognitive load significantly impacts the efficiency of the information processing model when performing complex motor tasks by influencing how much information can be processed at one time. High cognitive load can overwhelm an individual's working memory, leading to slower decision-making and increased chances of errors. Conversely, managing cognitive load effectively—through strategies such as task simplification or chunking—can enhance performance by allowing for more focused attention on critical elements of a skill, ultimately leading to better mastery and execution.

Related terms

Motor Program: A set of pre-structured commands that define a sequence of movements required for a specific motor task.

Feedback: Information received by the performer regarding the outcome of their movement, which can be used to modify future actions.

Cognitive Load: The total amount of mental effort being used in working memory during the processing of information.