Oncogenes are mutated forms of normal genes, known as proto-oncogenes, that have the potential to cause cancer by promoting uncontrolled cell growth and division. These genetic alterations can occur due to various factors, including mutations, gene amplifications, or chromosomal rearrangements, leading to the activation of pathways that drive tumorigenesis. Understanding oncogenes is crucial in molecular biology as they illuminate the mechanisms behind cancer development and progression.
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