Superinfection

Definition

A superinfection occurs when an existing infection is followed by a second infection from a different organism, often due to the disruption of normal microbiota by antimicrobial drugs. It typically arises when antibiotics eliminate beneficial bacteria, allowing opportunistic pathogens to proliferate.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Superinfections are often caused by broad-spectrum antibiotics that disrupt normal microbiota.
2. Common examples of superinfections include Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) and Candida infections.
3. Patients receiving prolonged or high-dose antibiotic treatments are at higher risk for developing superinfections.
4. Prevention strategies involve using narrow-spectrum antibiotics when possible and monitoring patients closely for signs of secondary infections.
5. Treatment of superinfections may require additional antimicrobials specifically targeting the new pathogen.

Related terms

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics:

Antibiotics effective against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Opportunistic Pathogens:

Microorganisms that cause disease primarily in hosts with compromised immune systems or disrupted normal microbiota.

Normal Microbiota: The community of microorganisms that reside on and within the bodies of humans and other animals, playing crucial roles in health and disease prevention.