Streptococcus agalactiae

Definition

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a Gram-positive bacterium that can cause severe infections in newborns, pregnant women, and immunocompromised individuals. It is a common cause of bacterial infections in the urogenital system and can also lead to meningitis and sepsis in neonates.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. It is part of the normal flora of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts.
2. GBS is the leading cause of neonatal meningitis and sepsis.
3. Screening for GBS in pregnant women typically occurs between 35-37 weeks of gestation to prevent neonatal infection.
4. Infection can be transmitted from mother to baby during childbirth if not properly managed.
5. Antibiotic prophylaxis during labor can significantly reduce the risk of neonatal GBS infection.

Review Questions

Related terms

Meningitis:

Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, often caused by bacterial or viral infections.

Sepsis:

A life-threatening condition caused by an extreme response to an infection, leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and death.

Neonatal Infection: Infections occurring in newborns within the first month of life; can be caused by various pathogens including bacteria like Group B Streptococcus.