Stereoisomers

Definition

Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms. This difference in spatial arrangement can lead to significant variations in their biological activities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Stereoisomers include enantiomers and diastereomers.
2. Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
3. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images.
4. Chirality is a key concept when studying stereoisomers, particularly in organic molecules relevant to microbiology.
5. The biological function of a molecule can be dramatically different based on its stereochemistry.

Review Questions

• What is the primary difference between enantiomers and diastereomers?
• How does chirality influence the function of organic molecules in microbiology?
• Why might two stereoisomers exhibit different biological activities?

Related terms

Chirality:

A property of a molecule where it cannot be superimposed on its mirror image.

Enantiomer: One of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed.

Diastereomer: Stereoisomers that are not related as mirror images and are non-superimposable.