+ssRNA, or positive-sense single-stranded RNA, is a type of viral genetic material that can act directly as mRNA in host cells. This allows for immediate translation by the host's ribosomes during infection.
-ssRNA: Negative-sense single-stranded RNA that must be converted into positive-sense RNA before translation.
mRNA: Messenger RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Capsid: The protein shell that encloses the viral genome.