mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. It acts as a template for protein synthesis during translation.
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mRNA is transcribed from a DNA template in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.
The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
During translation, ribosomes read mRNA sequences in sets of three nucleotides called codons.
mRNA undergoes processing steps like capping, polyadenylation, and splicing before it is translated into protein in eukaryotes.
In genetic engineering, synthetic mRNA can be used to produce specific proteins or modify gene expression.