Proteome

Definition

The proteome is the entire set of proteins expressed by an organism, tissue, or cell under specific conditions. It reflects genetic information as well as environmental influences.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Proteomics studies involve analyzing the structure and function of proteins on a large scale.
2. Proteomes vary between different cells, tissues, and even within the same cell at different times due to changes in gene expression.
3. Techniques such as mass spectrometry and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis are commonly used to study proteomes.
4. Understanding the proteome helps in identifying potential drug targets and understanding disease mechanisms.
5. Bioinformatics tools are crucial for managing and interpreting complex proteomic data.

Review Questions

Related terms

Genome:

The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.

Transcriptome: The full range of messenger RNA molecules expressed by an organism.

Mass Spectrometry:

An analytical technique that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of ions to identify and quantify molecules in a sample.