A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that exists independently of the chromosomal DNA in prokaryotic cells. Plasmids often carry genes that confer advantageous traits such as antibiotic resistance.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Plasmids are commonly found in bacteria but can also be present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms.
They replicate independently of the host cell's chromosomal DNA.
Plasmids can be transferred between bacteria through processes like conjugation, transformation, and transduction.
Many plasmids contain genes that provide resistance to antibiotics, heavy metals, or toxins.
They play a significant role in genetic engineering and biotechnology as vectors to introduce new genes into organisms.