Conjugation

Definition

Conjugation is a process where genetic material is transferred between bacterial cells through direct contact. It often involves the formation of a pilus to facilitate the exchange of plasmids.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conjugation requires cell-to-cell contact and typically involves the transfer of plasmids.
2. The F (fertility) factor is a key element in bacterial conjugation, enabling donor cells to form pili.
3. Conjugation can contribute to antibiotic resistance by spreading resistance genes among bacteria.
4. Unlike transformation and transduction, conjugation does not require a viral intermediary for gene transfer.
5. Conjugation can occur between different species of bacteria, enhancing genetic diversity.

Review Questions

• What role does the F factor play in bacterial conjugation?
• How does conjugation differ from transformation and transduction in terms of gene transfer?
• Why is conjugation significant in the spread of antibiotic resistance?

Related terms

Transformation: A process where bacteria take up free DNA from their environment.

Transduction: Gene transfer mediated by bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria).

Plasmid: A small, circular piece of DNA that replicates independently of the bacterial chromosome.