Picornaviruses

Definition

Picornaviruses are a family of small, non-enveloped RNA viruses that include notable pathogens such as poliovirus and rhinoviruses. They are known for their ability to cause a variety of diseases in humans, ranging from the common cold to more severe illnesses like hepatitis A.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Picornaviruses replicate rapidly within host cells by hijacking the host's machinery.
2. These viruses have a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome.
3. The antiviral drug Pleconaril has been studied for its effectiveness against picornaviruses.
4. Picornaviruses can be transmitted via fecal-oral routes or respiratory droplets depending on the specific virus.
5. They have an icosahedral capsid that protects their genetic material.

Review Questions

• What type of genetic material do picornaviruses contain?
• How is Pleconaril used in relation to picornaviruses?
• What are two primary transmission routes for picornaviruses?

Related terms

Antiviral Drugs: Medications used specifically for treating viral infections.

Rhinovirus: A type of picornavirus that primarily causes the common cold.

Poliovirus: A type of picornavirus responsible for causing poliomyelitis.