Pericarditis

Definition

Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium, the double-walled sac containing the heart. It can be caused by infections, including bacterial, viral, and fungal agents.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pericarditis often presents with sharp chest pain that may radiate to the shoulders or neck.
2. Bacterial infections leading to pericarditis commonly involve Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species.
3. Diagnosis of pericarditis can include ECG changes, elevated inflammatory markers like CRP, and imaging studies such as echocardiography.
4. Complications of pericarditis can include cardiac tamponade and chronic constrictive pericarditis.
5. Treatment for bacterial pericarditis typically involves antibiotics and may require drainage if fluid accumulation occurs.

Review Questions

• What are common bacterial culprits in causing pericarditis?
• What diagnostic tools are used to identify pericarditis?
• Name two potential complications arising from untreated or severe pericarditis.

Related terms

Endocarditis:

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves.

Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle itself.

Cardiac Tamponade: A serious condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardium, restricting heart function.